As global efforts to achieve carbon neutrality accelerate, understanding how digital economy development contributes to urban carbon reduction is crucial for achieving sustainable development. This study examines the impact of digital economy expansion on carbon emission intensity in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, a key economic hub in China. Using panel data from 41 cities (2011-2021) and a moderated mediation model, we analyze how industrial upgrading and Green Total Factor Productivity (GTFP) mediate this relationship. Our findings confirm that the digital economy significantly reduces carbon intensity both directly and indirectly through these two pathways. In addition, government investment in science and technology positively moderates this effect by strengthening the carbon reduction impact via industrial transformation. Spatial heterogeneity analysis reveals that these effects are more pronounced in cities within the “one core, five circles, and four belts” framework and in non-resource-based cities, highlighting regional disparities. These results underscore the need for targeted policy measures, including enhanced digital infrastructure, green finance mechanisms, and regional collaboration to maximize the decarbonization benefits of digitalization. By integrating digital and low-carbon strategies, policymakers can drive high-quality, green urban transformation.

This study uses Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to address the two main issues facing the Taihang Mountains region: the absence of systematic development and the dispersion of its rich cultural resources. Geographical correlations were investigated using 538 cultural resource places in the Eastern Taihang Mountains, and the Southern Taihang Mountains was used as a case study to apply a multifaceted collaboration methodology involving spatial overlay analysis, kernel density analysis, and regional potential value analysis. The results revealed some planning frameworks by using the spatial connectivity benefits and complementary nature of the cultural resources in the Eastern and Southern Taihang regions. This study proposes a cultural belt at the municipal level, which would link Jincheng, the central region of Southern Taihang, with Zhangjiakou, Baoding, Shijiazhuang, and Xingtai. Furthermore, county-level tourism routes would be expanded from the core clusters of Southern Taihang (Gaoping City and Zezhou County) to the main nodes of eastern Taihang (Yuxian, Pingshan, Jingxing, Xindu, Shahe, and Wu’an). Through this program, Taihang’s eastern and southern cultural resources can be developed in a methodical, integrated manner. This effort can create a viable path for multi-stakeholder participation in the Taihang cultural economy by integrating cultural resource nodes with various stakeholders, such as the public, businesses, government agencies, and universities. The promotion of economic development in the Taihang Mountains region will require an increase in the Taihang Mountains’ cultural influence, to eventually inform cultural regeneration and use across the country, and this study offers a theoretical reference and practical foundations for achieving those goals.

With the rapid development of information technology, drone oblique photography technology is an emerging means of spatial data acquisition that shows great potential in the field of cultural heritage protection. This study focuses on the use of drone oblique photography technology for the digital construction and protection of Liao Pagoda models, with the aim of developing an efficient and accurate 3D model construction method, and applying it to the field of ancient architectural heritage protection. As an important historical and cultural heritage in northern China, the protection and revitalization of the Liao Pagoda are of great significance for inheriting historical and cultural heritage and promoting regional tourism development. However, traditional surveying methods have problems such as low efficiency and insufficient accuracy in collecting the information and constructing the models of ancient buildings such as Liao Pagoda. The drone oblique photography technique provides a new technological pathway for solving these problems with its ability to quickly obtain high-resolution 3D spatial data. Based on this advantage, by analyzing the characteristics of drone oblique photography technology, this study explores its specific application mode in the digital protection construction of Liao Pagoda, which provides theoretical support and a technical foundation for the field of cultural heritage protection.

Linxia brick carving is an artistic carrier of multi-ethnic cultural intermingling, but its symbolic abstraction and diversity make digital conservation challenging. Currently, the traditional qualitative recording methods are unable to realize dynamic analysis and innovative applications. This study builds a framework for the integration of vector representation and multimodal semantic mapping, and uses that framework to quantify the historical semantics, artistic fusion, and technological features of Linxia brick carving cultural heritage by constructing a 26-dimensional vector space. This approach allowed us to solve the semantic heterogeneity of the textual-image data through the help of structured descriptive templates. The results show that this framework can support the systematic analysis and innovation of Linxia brick carving cultural symbols with high classification accuracy and reveal the structured semantic association of patterns. This study realizes the transformation of abstract symbols to computable values through the generalized 26-dimensional vectors, and can use standardized templates to regulate their digital expressions, depending on multimodal data sets that establish the multidimensional innovation of artificial intelligence-driven protection mechanisms. The results can provide methodological support for the shift in cultural heritage from static records to living inheritance, and demonstrate potential transferability to analogous heritage contexts through dimensional remapping and template localization strategies. These advances can promote the deep integration of artificial intelligence and traditional art symbols, and thus support research on the protection strategies for traditional cultural heritage in the era of digitalization.

As a vital material embodiment of rural landscapes, English vernacular architecture has undergone five developmental stages: academic germination, sample-based textual research, disciplinary establishment, systematic consolidation, and multidimensional expansion. Drawing upon extensive historical documents, architectural atlases, field surveys, and comparative interdisciplinary studies, this study reconstructs the academic trajectory of vernacular architecture in England from the 16th to the mid-20th century. This study employs the methods of archival examination, visual and textual interpretation, case-based typological analysis, and cross-disciplinary comparison. By synthesizing hundreds of architectural cases and historical records, this study identifies the thematic orientations and logical progression of the field and highlights its influence on residential morphology, building technology, rural transformation, and cultural identity. The findings indicate that the scope of vernacular architecture research has shifted from a narrow focus on physical morphology to a broader understanding of dwelling culture that encompasses social practices and conceptual frameworks. The scholarly foundations laid prior to the Second World War provided a crucial basis for the postwar consolidation of this discipline, offering methodological insights and theoretical implications for the contemporary study of Chinese vernacular architecture.

In urban construction, the “Urban Optimal Map (UOM)” serves as a key tool for integrating social resources and natural elements, and it plays a significant role in promoting sustainable urban development. With the advent of the digital era, various data collection devices deployed in cities have accumulated massive amounts of data, forming multi-source, high-dimensional urban databases. While visualizing these data helps uncover patterns of urban operations, the overlay of large volumes of data also complicates the visualization, making it difficult to interpret. From an animal behavior perspective, this study integrates natural geographical data of London, distribution data of different animal species, urban social information data, and comparative data on animal habits. Through GIS analysis, data visualization, and weight overlay to generate adaptability maps, a digital model is constructed and an animal behavior simulation program is developed. On this basis, multi-criteria analysis (MCA) is employed to comprehensively evaluate the simulation results and optimize decision-making, and planning solutions that balance ecological and social needs are derived. The findings demonstrate that by mining and integrating multi-source data, along with future scenario simulations, the complex relationships among urban environment, society, and sustainable development can be effectively explored. This provides scientific and objective data support for promoting harmonious coexistence between urban development and nature, and can assist decision-makers in formulating more rational urban planning strategies. As urban data continues to be updated, the “UOM” will evolve into a dynamic map system. By incorporating machine learning methods to mine temporal dimension information, it can further achieve predictions of future urban development trends, and offer scientific support for urban resource allocation and planning strategies.

With the development of socio-economic conditions, comprehensive improvements in residential environments, and evolving family values among the elderly, mobility issues for senior citizens have become a prominent social concern in China. Aging urban districts characterized by concentrated elderly populations exhibit significant environmental challenges and urgently need age-friendly infrastructure updates. This study conducted a comprehensive review of domestic and international literature related to the age-friendly renovation of the non-motorized traffic environment and systematically analyzed research trends and existing gaps. Furthermore, it investigated the pedestrian spaces in Tianjin’s aging urban districts and delineated multifaceted spatial challenges. Simultaneously, in-depth demographic analysis of the aging population in Tianjin’s four central urban districts informed the strategic selection of nine sub-districts—comprising the two sub-districts with the highest aging population rates in each district, along with Wanxing sub-district, which hosts the city’s largest elderly population. Through random interviews with 40 senior residents in those sub-districts, the multi-level environmental needs of elderly individuals in these aging urban neighborhoods were comprehensively explored and categorized. Ultimately, by comparing the environmental needs of the elderly population with the current urban landscape, this study accurately identified the key elements for the age-appropriate renewal of the non-motorized traffic environment. Furthermore, targeted strategic intervention plans that address the issue of infrastructure adaptation in aging urban areas are proposed.

This study constructs a multidisciplinary assessment system adapted to the characteristics of rural landscape heritage in Xingtai City and uses that system to comprehensively evaluate its historical-cultural value, ecological environmental value, social identity, and development potential, thereby providing a scientific basis for the protection and sustainable utilization of rural landscape heritage. The assessment framework was constructed through methods such as literature review, expert interviews, and field research, combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This framework integrates qualitative and quantitative analysis and assigns reasonable weights to each assessment dimension. The results indicate that the core value of Xingtai City’s rural landscape heritage lies in the dual advantages of historical-cultural and ecological environmental resources, with the weights for historical-cultural value and ecological environmental value being 30% and 25%, respectively, Significantly higher than social recognition (20%), and together with development potential (25%), constitutes the core value dimensions in the evaluation system. Ultimately, the assessment system reflects the local characteristics and development needs of Xingtai City’s rural landscape heritage, especially in terms of historical-cultural protection and ecological tourism development. This study provides a theoretical reference and practical guidance for the assessment of rural landscape heritage in other regions.

The geographical environment of the Zhaozhou Basin provides diverse possibilities for the formation and evolution of vernacular settlements and architectural spaces within multi-ethnic communities. Taking the vernacular settlements and architecture of the Zhaozhou Basin as a case study, this research adopts the anthropological concept of the “Bazi Society” as an analytical framework, and integrates the methodology of “social memory” to explore the social mechanisms that shape regional architectural space. By utilizing the “social memory” research approach, this study integrates GIS image analysis, social memory indicator surveys, oral interviews, and local historical materials from the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including local chronicles, historical maps, and illustrations, along with data from the Republican era, to conduct an in-depth investigation of typical settlements in the Zhaozhou Basin. This study proposes a “rule of in-depth memory depiction”, which is structured around three elements: the research objects (settlement spaces, public temples, and vernacular dwellings), the analytical dimensions (spatial patterns, cultural practices, and collective memory), and the narrative methods(oral testimony, schematic mapping, and quantitative indicators), thereby providing a clear framework for its application. It analyzes the feasibility of the research pathway for the “Bazi Society of basins”. The results can be summarized in three points. (1) Based on field investigation and GIS-historical triangulation, 151 valid questionnaires yielded five principal memory factors (communalities > 0.8; cumulative variance contribution rate 85.66%), thus verifying the operational feasibility and quantitative validity of the “Thick Description of Memory” framework. (2) Settlements in the Zhaozhou Basin exhibit a significant “landform-function-memory coupling pattern”, which reveals the continuous reconstruction of power structures and spatial forms within the processes of social memory. (3) Despite their functional transformations, public temples continue to serve as the spiritual cores of communities and as explicit carriers of collective memory, so they reflect the material continuity of productive and everyday life memories. Overall, this study demonstrates that “social memory functions as a key mediating mechanism” linking geographical environment, social practice, and vernacular architectural space, which provides new theoretical and methodological support for understanding the evolutionary logic of basin settlements and for guiding cultural heritage renewal.

In 2022, the Chinese government proposed the goal of “building livable, industry-suitable, and harmonious villages”. Rural human settlement governance is shifting from “hardware renovation” to “systematic governance”, yet issues such as insufficient collaboration among multiple subjects and poor interest coordination still restrict governance efficiency. Existing studies have gaps in analyzing the logical connections and micro-mechanisms of “co-construction, co-governance, and sharing” in rural contexts, highlighting the urgent need to explore replicable transformation paths.This study took Xizhuang Village, Hebei Province as a case, adopted a progressive data collection strategy of “pre-survey, field survey, and literature verification”. Through semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, participatory observation, and policy text analysis, it spanned multiple subjects including governments, villagers, enterprises, and social organizations in analyzing the practical path for transforming the co-construction, co-governance, and sharing concept into rural human settlement governance.This study proposes the concept of “heterogeneous collaboration”, verifying that subjects with interest differences can cooperate through selective incentives. The analysis revealed generational differences in participation: young people prefer digital channels, while the elderly rely on acquaintance mobilization. A “cultural sharing” dimension was added, with villagers’ life satisfaction increasing to 92% and rural tourism driving an average annual increase of 12000 yuan in the villagers’ income.The conclusion is that the Xizhuang Village case verifies the practical feasibility of the co-construction, co-governance, and sharing concept. Its logic of “interest coordination + cultural adaptation” provides a replicable experience for other villages in the North China Plain. Future efforts should optimize benefit distribution through institutional innovation, expand the sample scope for cross-regional comparative studies, and improve the governance sustainability mechanisms.

The ancient villages in Suzhou, Jiangsu with a unique water town pattern and landscape style are important regional cultural carriers formed by the interaction of nature and humanity. Currently, the rural digital governance of Suzhou has achieved phased results in infrastructure coverage and governance digitization, but some realistic problems still remain, such as insufficient local culture mining, limited quality improvement, and fragmented application of digital technology. This study focuses on the problem of cultural heritage and industrial integration in the process of traditional village renewal from the perspective of digital empowerment. Taking the residential environmental governance of traditional villages in Xishan Island of Suzhou as an example, and through the introduction of artificial intelligence technology methods, this study systematically analysis the spatial characteristics and cultural value of ancient villages, and constructs a path for the identification and activation of local cultural resources. This research aims to achieve industrial linkage and cluster development in the villages, promote the deep integration of art and technology, and promote the harmonious and sustainable development of the rural residential environment with a new quality of creativity. This study constructs a collaborative village renewal framework of culture-space-technology, and explores the integrated application mode of artificial intelligence in the mining of local culture and the promotion of characteristic industries.

The Zhengtai Railway is an important logistics channel connecting Shanxi with the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River Delta, and it has a profound impact on regional industrial development. Based on the theory of heritage corridors and using GIS spatial analysis technology, this study conducted a multi-dimensional analysis on the industrial heritage along the Shijiazhuang section. (1) The temporal characteristics indicate that the heritage, which was established in 1896, is mainly composed of the three major industries of pharmaceuticals, textiles, and steel. (2) The spatial pattern shows an axial distribution of “dense in the west and sparse in the east”, with Xinhua District, Chang’an District and Luquan District as the agglomeration cores. (3) By constructing an evaluation system that includes four types of factors: natural environment, transportation conditions, heritage value and service facilities, the suitable areas of the corridor with “three cores and one surface” were identified. Finally, the strategy of “dynamic width control + themed cluster protection” was proposed, which provides a new idea for the protection of linear industrial heritage.

The Li ethnic group's traditional settlements in Hainan Island exemplify the integration of environmental adaptation and vernacular innovation in tropical rainforest landscapes. Their spatial configurations and resilience strategies embody a dynamic interplay between ecological systems and cultural logic. Employing a multidisciplinary approach—including ethnographic fieldwork, geospatial analysis, and comparative ethnological investigation—this study examines eight representative Li ethnic group settlements in central and southern Hainan. The findings reveal a distinctive pattern of “striped dispersion and clustered agglomeration” that forms a spatial linkage of “rainforest-watershed-settlement.” Vertical zonation is evident as lowland areas (<500 m) focus on paddy agriculture and fishing, while mid-to-high elevations (500-1000 m) rely on swidden cultivation, foraging, and forest-based subsistence. Settlement morphologies include clustered, dispersed, and grouped layouts that have been shaped by topography and social organization. Boat-shaped dwellings reflect a low-impact construction model that combines material-form-climate synergies to respond to the hot-humid monsoon environment. Ecological resilience emerges from the dynamic coupling of terrain structures, vernacular architecture, and indigenous technical knowledge. The “mountain-forest-field-water” framework regulates spatial hierarchy, while terrace farming, material optimization, and rainfall-adaptive construction enhance land-use efficiency and environmental stability. In contrast to the tiered spatial defense system of the Dong (drum tower-stilt house) and the flood-adaptive floating agriculture of the Dai, Li ethnic group settlements articulate a unique paradigm of vertical ecological symbiosis and cultural embeddedness. Their logic of “moderate use and adaptive balance” offers a transferable model for contemporary resilience planning and ecological governance, especially in tropical regions experiencing rapid socio-environmental transformation.

This study employs field surveys of plant diversity and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assess plant diversity and evaluate landscape quality in the Hutuo River Urban Forest Park. A total of 257 plant species belonging to 64 families and 184 genera were recorded, and they show a multi-layered tree-shrub-herb structure that is characteristic of warm temperate urban forests. An evaluation framework for the plant landscape was established that integrates ecological community structure, plant diversity, landscape aesthetics, recreational space planning, and cultural attributes. The results show that ecological structure and species diversity contribute the most to overall evaluation scores, underscoring the central role of ecological attributes in landscape assessment. While the current plant landscape demonstrates integrity in vertical layering and richness in species composition, deficiencies remain in seasonal continuity, cultural expression, and winter ornamental value. These findings highlight both the ecological strengths and developmental gaps of the park. This study provides a scientific foundation for the conservation of plant resources, the improvement of landscape quality, and the promotion of ecological sustainability in urban forest parks.

The “Healthy China 2030” initiative has increasingly highlighted the role of university campuses in health promotion. However, many Chinese universities lack awareness of health-supportive environments, resulting in spatial systems that fail to meet the diverse physical and mental health needs of their communities. Among campus environments, outdoor public spaces are pivotal due to their openness and accessibility, making them ideal for fostering the autonomous health behaviors of students. This study investigates the optimization of these spaces to create environments that actively support well-being. Grounded in catalyst and affordance theories, we first identified the spatial preferences of students through questionnaire surveys. Subsequently, we employed the Delphi method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to construct an evaluation index system for healthy outdoor public spaces. This analysis revealed four core components: functional organization, perceptual environment, health-supportive facilities, and walking trails. For each component, we propose specific design principles and strategies, culminating in a spatial optimization framework aimed at promoting healthy behaviors. This study provides a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for designing health-oriented campus spaces and offers a replicable model for developing supportive university environments.

This study takes the children’s animation IP “Brave Brother Ah Niu” as a case study, where the animation IP refers not merely to a single work, but rather to a core content asset capable of multi-dimensional development and possessing long-term commercial value, such as a well-known character, story, or worldview. This case is used to explore the path for children’s animation IP to empower the deep integration of cultural tourism based on Bourdieu’s field theory. In response to the current challenges of fragmentation, superficial symbolization, and capital feedback disruption in development, a three-field transformation framework of “cultural production-media practice- industrial consumption” is constructed, and an integration mechanism of “empowerment-translation-feedback” is proposed. This study provides a replicable theoretical model and practical path for the Ah Niu IP and similar regional children’s animation IPs to overcome the bottleneck of cultural tourism integration, achieve cultural inheritance, and enhance the industrial value.