Land use change and landscape patterns have a large effect on land productivity and ecosystem biodiversity. Based on geographical information system technology and remote sensing data related to land use and land cover of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and Shanghai (Jiang-Zhe-Hu area), we analyzed patterns of landscape change and predicted land use dynamics using the CA-MARKOV model. We also analyzed the conversion rate and area among landscape classes using the CA-Markov model. We found that from 1980 to 2005, there was a significant decrease in the area of farmland, and much of this landscape was transformed into settlements. Most of the landscape classes have become fragmented and isolated. The areas of farmland, settlement land and water tend to be complex in their shape and spatial clustering. The shapes of other land class patches have become simpler, and overall landscape fragmentation has increased. Landscape diversity and heterogeneity have increased. The CA-MARKOV model predicted that settlement land will continue to grow from 2005 to 2015, but the speed of conversion will be reduced. The speed of the reduction in farmland and forest has increased, and increased settlement areas are clustered along the Yangtze River. Land use dynamics and change in the landscape pattern have affected land productivity and made the ecosystem more sensitive and fragile in this study region.
HU Ruishan, DONG Suocheng
. Land Use Dynamics and Landscape Patterns in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2013
, 4(2)
: 141
-148
.
DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2013.02.006
Chan Y H, J S E W R Olson . 1980. Land use and energy scenarios affecting the global carbon cycle. Environment International, 4(2): 189-206.
Chen L D, Lv Y H, Fu B J. 2006. A framework on landscape pattern analysis and scale change by using pattern recognition approach. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 26(3): 663-670. (in Chinese)
Ching W K, M K Ng. 2006. Markov chains: Models, algorithms and applications. New York: Springer.
Deng X Z. 2011. Modeling the dynamics and consequences of land system change. Beijing: Higher Education Press.
Foley J A, R Defries, G P Asner, et al. 2005. Global consequences of land use. Science, 309(5734): 570-574.
Haber W. 2004. Landscape ecology as a bridge from ecosystems to human ecology. Ecological Research, 19(1): 99-106.
Hargis C D, J A Bissonette, J L David. 1998. The behavior of landscape metrics commonly used in the study of habitat fragmentation. Landscape Ecology, 13(3): 167-186.
Iwegbue C M A, G E Nwajei, O I Eguavoen. 2012. Impact of land-use patterns on chemical properties of trace elements in soils of rural, semi-urban, and urban zones of the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Soil & Sediment Contamination, 21(1): 19-30.
Krummel J, R Gardner, G Sugihara, et al. 1987. Landscape patterns in a disturbed environment. Oikos: 321-324.
Liang F C, Liu L M. 2011. Quantitative analysis of human disturbance intensity of landscape patterns and preliminary optimization of ecological function regions: A case of Minqing County in Fujian Province. Resources Science, 33(6): 1138-1144. (in Chinese)
Liu J Y, Zhang Z X, Zhuang D F, et al. 2003. A study on the spatial-temporal dynamic changes of land-useand driving forces analyses of China in the 1990s. Geographical Research, 22(1): 22. (in Chinese)
Liu T, Li H, Sun D, et al. 2010. Effect of agricultural land management right transfer on regional landscape: a case in Changping district, Beijing. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 30(22): 6113-6125. (in Chinese)
Liu Y, Lu Y, Fu B. 2011. Implication and limitation of landscape metrics in delineating relationship between landscape pattern and soil erosion. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 31(1): 267-275. (in Chinese)
Nagendra H, D K Munroe, J Southworth. 2004. From pattern to process: landscape fragmentation and the analysis of land use/land cover change. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 101(2-3): 111-115.
National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2012. China Statistics Year Book, 2011. Beijing: China Statistics Press. (in Chinese)
Røpke I. 2005. Trends in the development of ecological economics from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. Ecological Economics, 55(2): 262-290.
Tang J M, Bu K, Yang J C, et al. 2012. Multitemporal analysis of forest fragmentation in the upstream region of the Nenjiang River Basin, Northeast China. Ecological Indicators, 23: 597-607.
Troll C. 1971. Landscape ecology (geoecology) and biogeocenology—A terminological study. Geoforum, 2(4): 43-46.
Wang J, Yang L, Wei W, et al. 2011. Effects of landscape patterns on soil and water loss in the hilly area of loess plateau in China: Landscape-level and comparison at multiscale. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 31(19): 5531-5541. (in Chinese)
Wehrly K E, J E Breck, Wang L Z, et al. 2012. Assessing local and landscape patterns of residential shoreline development in Michigan lakes. Lake and Reservoir Management, 28(2): 158-169.
Xie Z L, Liu J Y, Ma Z W, et al. 2012. Effect of surrounding land-use change on the wetland landscape pattern of a natural protected area in Tianjin, China. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 19(1): 16-24.
Xu Y D, Fu B J, Lv Y H. 2010. Research on landscape pattern and ecological processes based on landscape models. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 30(1): 214-222. (in Chinese)
Yu Z, Hu X. 2003. Research on the relation of food security and cultivated land’s quantity and quality in China. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 19(3): 45-49. (in Chinese)
Zhou T, Wu J G, Peng S L. 2012. Assessing the effects of landscape pattern on river water quality at multiple scales: A case study of the Dongjiang River watershed, China. Ecological Indicators, 23: 166-175.
Zonneveld I S, R T T Forman. 1990. Changing landscapes: An ecological perspective. San Francisco: Springer-Verlag GmbH & Co.