The Heat Island Effect Response to the Urban Landscape Pattern of Haikou based on the “Source-Sink” Theory

doi:10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2022.02.009

Abstract

Abstract:

The Landsat images of the 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2018 are selected as the data source to retrieve land cover and surface temperature data. The contribution of Sink-Source landscape pattern to the heat island and its ecological effects on urban and rural gradient were analyzed by using Heat Index (HI), Sink and Source Landscape Contribution (CI_sink, CI_source) and Landscape Effect Index (LI) in Haikou. The results show that the heat island is concentrated on the West Coast, and in the central urban and Jiangdong New Area; the HI shows a pattern of decreasing value with the following land types: “Bare land>Artificial surface﹥Source landscape>Shrub grassland>Farmland>Sink landscape>Woodland>Water body”. In the central city section, the CI_sinkand CI_source are relatively large in these five periods. The LI decreases rapidly along the urban-rural gradient, promoting the Urban Heat Island (UHI) to a large degree. In contrast, the suburban area contributes to a lesser degree. Overall, the LI fluctuates, the proportion of mitigating UHI is large, and there is a second peak outside the city center. The existing Source-Sink Landscape contributes the most to UHI in the central urban area, and this contribution decreases along the urban-rural gradient. With the continuous expansion of city-town areas, the proportion of Sink areas has increased along the gradient, and the proportion of Source areas has subsequently declined, resulting in the spatial transfer and diffusion of UHI. Therefore, a UHI mitigation strategy based on the theory of regional landscape systems is proposed here.

Key words: landscape pattern, Urban Heat Island, gradient analysis, “Source-Sink” Theory, Haikou

LI Yujie, FU Hui. The Heat Island Effect Response to the Urban Landscape Pattern of Haikou based on the “Source-Sink” Theory[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2022, 13(2): 257-269.

Figures/Tables 13

References 30

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Year	Line code	Sensor	Date	Land cloud cover (%)
2000	12446	Landsat_5TM	2000-06-19	13.00
2005	12446	Landsat_5TM	2005-06-17	11.00
2010	12446	Landsat_5TM	2010-07-27	8.00
2015	12446	Landsat_8OLI_TIRS	2015-06-26	0.78
2018	12446	Landsat_8OLI_TIRS	2018-06-21	0.48

Year	Line code	Sensor	Date	Land cloud cover (%)
2000	12446	Landsat_5TM	2000-06-19	13.00
2005	12446	Landsat_5TM	2005-06-17	11.00
2010	12446	Landsat_5TM	2010-07-27	8.00
2015	12446	Landsat_8OLI_TIRS	2015-06-26	0.78
2018	12446	Landsat_8OLI_TIRS	2018-06-21	0.48

Service radius (m)	POI category	Number of effective points	Kernel density search radius (m)
300-500	Catering, Resident services, Education and culture	20074	400
500-1000	Wholesale and retail, Financial insurance, Automobile sales and services	23485	750
1000-1500	Transportation and storage, Public facilities, Commercial facilities and services, Sports and leisure, Accommodation, General hospitals	14884	1250
1500-2000	Health and social security, Agriculture, Forestry, Animal husbandry and fishery, Science and technology services, Scenic spots and golf, Park and squares	1672	1750
2000-3000	Villages, Towns, Areas of interest (university towns and international business districts)	2551	2500

Service radius (m)	POI category	Number of effective points	Kernel density search radius (m)
300-500	Catering, Resident services, Education and culture	20074	400
500-1000	Wholesale and retail, Financial insurance, Automobile sales and services	23485	750
1000-1500	Transportation and storage, Public facilities, Commercial facilities and services, Sports and leisure, Accommodation, General hospitals	14884	1250
1500-2000	Health and social security, Agriculture, Forestry, Animal husbandry and fishery, Science and technology services, Scenic spots and golf, Park and squares	1672	1750
2000-3000	Villages, Towns, Areas of interest (university towns and international business districts)	2551	2500

Year	Study area	Sink landscape	Woodland	Shrubland	Water	Farmland	Source landscape	Artificial surface	Bare land
2000	0.0264	0.0092	-0.0076	0.2938	-0.0819	0.0355	0.3763	0.3687	0.4562
2005	0.0158	0.0049	-0.0013	0.1817	-0.0928	0.0226	0.1749	0.1733	0.1929
2010	0.3160	0.3008	0.2854	0.4022	0.2532	0.3219	0.4632	0.459	0.4905
2015	0.1635	0.1198	0.0839	0.3515	0.0112	0.1402	0.4931	0.4846	0.5613
2018	-0.0104	-0.0532	-0.0963	0.1538	-0.0983	-0.0438	0.2542	0.2544	0.2525