Journal of Resources and Ecology ›› 2021, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (4): 462-470.DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2021.04.004
• Resource and Ecology • Previous Articles Next Articles
DING Lubin1,2(), HE Siyuan1, MIN Qingwen1, LI Heyao1,2, MA Nan1,2, LI Wenhua1,2,*(
)
Received:
2021-01-15
Accepted:
2021-03-30
Online:
2021-07-30
Published:
2021-09-30
Contact:
LI Wenhua
About author:
DING Lubin, E-mail: 813665458@qq.com
Supported by:
DING Lubin, HE Siyuan, MIN Qingwen, LI Heyao, MA Nan, LI Wenhua. Perceptions of Local People toward Wild Edible Plant Gathering and Consumption: Insights from the Q-method in Hani Terraces[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2021, 12(4): 462-470.
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URL: http://www.jorae.cn/EN/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2021.04.004
ID | Statement | Topic | Factors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||
S1 | WEPs are usually delicious, so I will gather them | E | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
S2 | Gathering WEPs saves time and effort and is more convenient than growing my own vegetables | B | -2** | -1** | -3** | 1** |
S3 | WEPs are nutritious and eating them is good for my health | E | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
S4 | Gathering WEPs can increase family income | B | -1 | 0* | -2 | 3** |
S5 | When I have nothing to do, I gather WEPs to pass the time | E | 0 | 0 | -3** | -1* |
S6 | Picking WEPs puts me in a good mood and makes me happier | E | 3** | -2** | 0 | 0 |
S7 | Watching other people eat WEPs, I will eat them too | D | 1* | -1 | -1 | -1 |
S8 | Eating WEPs is a Hani tradition | D | 1 | 1** | 3 | 2 |
S9 | I have a way of cooking WEPs that will be delicious | A | 1 | -2** | 1 | 1 |
S10 | The government should promote the benefits of eating WEPs and increase the purchase and price of WEPs | D | 1 | 0 | -2 | 0 |
S11 | WEPs can be sold or made into specialties and sold to tourists | B | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
S12 | Knowledge about gathering and cooking WEPs is important | A | 2 | 1 | 3* | 1 |
S13 | I think WEPs can be very helpful in dealing with food scarcity | E | 0 | 1 | -1 | 1 |
S14 | Nostalgia for picking WEPs as a child will influence my gathering of WEP | E | 0 | 2* | 2 | -1** |
S15 | Eating WEPs will save my family some money | B | 0 | -1 | 1 | -2* |
S16 | Talking to friends about WEPs can affect the collection of WEPs | D | -1 | -2 | 1 | 0 |
S17 | There are some wildcrafted vegetables that you need to learn from others to master | A | 0 | 2** | 0* | -1 |
S18 | Wild vegetables are for the poor | D | -3* | -3 | -1** | -3 |
S19 | Gathering WEPs is something women (or children) do | D | -2 | -3 | -2 | -3 |
S20 | Changing habits can affect the collection of WEPs | D | -2 | 2 | 1 | -2 |
S21 | Fewer places to gather WEPs than before | C | -1** | 3 | 2 | 2 |
S22 | It’s easier to buy groceries, which affects my picking of WEPs | D | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
S23 | For me, gathering WEPs is not cost effective | B | -3** | -1 | 2** | -2 |
Table 1 Factor Q-sort values of each statement and its corresponding topic
ID | Statement | Topic | Factors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||
S1 | WEPs are usually delicious, so I will gather them | E | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
S2 | Gathering WEPs saves time and effort and is more convenient than growing my own vegetables | B | -2** | -1** | -3** | 1** |
S3 | WEPs are nutritious and eating them is good for my health | E | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
S4 | Gathering WEPs can increase family income | B | -1 | 0* | -2 | 3** |
S5 | When I have nothing to do, I gather WEPs to pass the time | E | 0 | 0 | -3** | -1* |
S6 | Picking WEPs puts me in a good mood and makes me happier | E | 3** | -2** | 0 | 0 |
S7 | Watching other people eat WEPs, I will eat them too | D | 1* | -1 | -1 | -1 |
S8 | Eating WEPs is a Hani tradition | D | 1 | 1** | 3 | 2 |
S9 | I have a way of cooking WEPs that will be delicious | A | 1 | -2** | 1 | 1 |
S10 | The government should promote the benefits of eating WEPs and increase the purchase and price of WEPs | D | 1 | 0 | -2 | 0 |
S11 | WEPs can be sold or made into specialties and sold to tourists | B | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
S12 | Knowledge about gathering and cooking WEPs is important | A | 2 | 1 | 3* | 1 |
S13 | I think WEPs can be very helpful in dealing with food scarcity | E | 0 | 1 | -1 | 1 |
S14 | Nostalgia for picking WEPs as a child will influence my gathering of WEP | E | 0 | 2* | 2 | -1** |
S15 | Eating WEPs will save my family some money | B | 0 | -1 | 1 | -2* |
S16 | Talking to friends about WEPs can affect the collection of WEPs | D | -1 | -2 | 1 | 0 |
S17 | There are some wildcrafted vegetables that you need to learn from others to master | A | 0 | 2** | 0* | -1 |
S18 | Wild vegetables are for the poor | D | -3* | -3 | -1** | -3 |
S19 | Gathering WEPs is something women (or children) do | D | -2 | -3 | -2 | -3 |
S20 | Changing habits can affect the collection of WEPs | D | -2 | 2 | 1 | -2 |
S21 | Fewer places to gather WEPs than before | C | -1** | 3 | 2 | 2 |
S22 | It’s easier to buy groceries, which affects my picking of WEPs | D | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
S23 | For me, gathering WEPs is not cost effective | B | -3** | -1 | 2** | -2 |
Respondent | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.4057 | 0.6336* | 0.0849 | 0.1884 |
2 | -0.1317 | 0.8078* | 0.0733 | 0.0526 |
3 | -0.0864 | -0.1478 | 0.4273 | 0.5793* |
4 | -0.1360 | 0.2197 | -0.5378* | -0.0011 |
5 | 0.2289 | 0.0087 | -0.2639 | 0.7453* |
6 | 0.7694* | -0.0050 | 0.2337 | -0.0723 |
7 | 0.7732* | 0.1064 | 0.3123 | 0.1966 |
8 | 0.3243 | -0.0130 | 0.5943* | 0.3496 |
9 | -0.0371 | 0.4983 | 0.7675* | 0.0430 |
10 | 0.7308* | 0.1296 | 0.0353 | 0.2960 |
11 | 0.4868 | 0.4153 | 0.1496 | 0.2135 |
12 | 0.3294 | 0.1486 | 0.0745 | 0.8165* |
13 | 0.0004 | 0.2083 | 0.7218* | -0.1399 |
14 | 0.2813 | 0.4105 | 0.1552 | 0.4773 |
15 | -0.0656 | 0.3367 | -0.1335 | 0.5243* |
16 | 0.3443 | 0.3521 | 0.0622 | -0.1041 |
17 | 0.6488* | -0.0022 | -0.2491 | 0.5375 |
18 | 0.1693 | -0.0667 | 0.2656 | 0.5483* |
19 | 0.3838 | 0.6356* | 0.3008 | 0.3777 |
20 | 0.3936 | 0.4355 | 0.1382 | 0.5075 |
21 | 0.3972 | 0.2953 | 0.4229 | 0.2868 |
22 | 0.8119* | 0.0603 | -0.0596 | 0.2909 |
23 | 0.5862* | 0.2706 | 0.0928 | 0.4858 |
24 | 0.5272* | 0.0678 | 0.4118 | 0.1339 |
25 | 0.2158 | 0.2536 | 0.0679 | 0.7189* |
26 | 0.3904 | 0.6137* | 0.2413 | 0.2542 |
27 | 0.5788 | 0.5724 | -0.0070 | 0.2558 |
28 | 0.8752* | 0.0547 | -0.0128 | 0.2208 |
29 | -0.0765 | -0.6637* | 0.3834 | 0.0246 |
30 | 0.5128 | -0.6134* | -0.0168 | -0.0584 |
Explained variance in % | 21 | 15 | 10 | 15 |
Number of defining variable | 8 | 6 | 4 | 6 |
Correlations between factor scores | ||||
Factor 1 | 0.2540 | 0.2172 | 0.5261 | |
Factor 2 | 0.3530 | 0.3301 | ||
Factor 3 | 0.1735 |
Table 2 Factor loadings and flagged Q-sorts
Respondent | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.4057 | 0.6336* | 0.0849 | 0.1884 |
2 | -0.1317 | 0.8078* | 0.0733 | 0.0526 |
3 | -0.0864 | -0.1478 | 0.4273 | 0.5793* |
4 | -0.1360 | 0.2197 | -0.5378* | -0.0011 |
5 | 0.2289 | 0.0087 | -0.2639 | 0.7453* |
6 | 0.7694* | -0.0050 | 0.2337 | -0.0723 |
7 | 0.7732* | 0.1064 | 0.3123 | 0.1966 |
8 | 0.3243 | -0.0130 | 0.5943* | 0.3496 |
9 | -0.0371 | 0.4983 | 0.7675* | 0.0430 |
10 | 0.7308* | 0.1296 | 0.0353 | 0.2960 |
11 | 0.4868 | 0.4153 | 0.1496 | 0.2135 |
12 | 0.3294 | 0.1486 | 0.0745 | 0.8165* |
13 | 0.0004 | 0.2083 | 0.7218* | -0.1399 |
14 | 0.2813 | 0.4105 | 0.1552 | 0.4773 |
15 | -0.0656 | 0.3367 | -0.1335 | 0.5243* |
16 | 0.3443 | 0.3521 | 0.0622 | -0.1041 |
17 | 0.6488* | -0.0022 | -0.2491 | 0.5375 |
18 | 0.1693 | -0.0667 | 0.2656 | 0.5483* |
19 | 0.3838 | 0.6356* | 0.3008 | 0.3777 |
20 | 0.3936 | 0.4355 | 0.1382 | 0.5075 |
21 | 0.3972 | 0.2953 | 0.4229 | 0.2868 |
22 | 0.8119* | 0.0603 | -0.0596 | 0.2909 |
23 | 0.5862* | 0.2706 | 0.0928 | 0.4858 |
24 | 0.5272* | 0.0678 | 0.4118 | 0.1339 |
25 | 0.2158 | 0.2536 | 0.0679 | 0.7189* |
26 | 0.3904 | 0.6137* | 0.2413 | 0.2542 |
27 | 0.5788 | 0.5724 | -0.0070 | 0.2558 |
28 | 0.8752* | 0.0547 | -0.0128 | 0.2208 |
29 | -0.0765 | -0.6637* | 0.3834 | 0.0246 |
30 | 0.5128 | -0.6134* | -0.0168 | -0.0584 |
Explained variance in % | 21 | 15 | 10 | 15 |
Number of defining variable | 8 | 6 | 4 | 6 |
Correlations between factor scores | ||||
Factor 1 | 0.2540 | 0.2172 | 0.5261 | |
Factor 2 | 0.3530 | 0.3301 | ||
Factor 3 | 0.1735 |
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