Journal of Resources and Ecology ›› 2019, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (1): 69-76.DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764X.2019.01.009
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
FU Gang1, ZHANG Haorui1,2, LI Shaowei1, SUN Wei1,*()
Received:
2018-06-05
Accepted:
2018-09-12
Online:
2019-01-28
Published:
2019-01-28
Contact:
SUN Wei
Supported by:
FU Gang,ZHANG Haorui,LI Shaowei,SUN Wei. A Meta-analysis of the Effects of Warming and Elevated CO2 on Soil Microbes[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2019, 10(1): 69-76.
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Authors | Year | Journal | Title | MAT (℃) | MAP (mm) | Elevation (m) | Latitude | Longitude | Vegetation types |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wang et al. | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology | Microbial communities of alpine meadow soil in the Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau subjected to experimental warming and grazing | 1.1 | 752.4 | 3561 | 32.45 | 102.37 | Grassland |
Schindlbacher et al. | 2011 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Experimental warming effects on the microbial community of a temperate mountain forest soil | 5.7 | 1480 | 910 | 47.58 | 11.64 | Forest |
Andresen et al. | 2014 | PLoS ONE | Bacteria and fungi respond differently to multifactorial climate change in a temperate heathland, traced with 13C-glycine and FACE CO2 | 8 | 600 | 55.88 | 11.97 | Tundra | |
Rinnan et al. | 2007 | Global Change Biology | Fifteen years of climate change manipulations alter soil microbial communities in a subarctic heath ecosystem | -0.4 | 245.5 | 450 | 68.35 | 18.82 | Tundra |
Rousk et al. | 2013 | Global Change Biology | Investigating the long-term legacy of drought and warming on the soil microbial community across five European shrubland ecosystems | 56.38 | 10.95 | Shrubland | |||
46.88 | 19.72 | Shrubland | |||||||
40.60 | 8.15 | Shrubland | |||||||
52.40 | 5.92 | Shrubland | |||||||
53.05 | -3.47 | Shrubland | |||||||
Zhou et al. | 2012 | Nature Climate Change | Microbial mediation of carbon-cycle feedbacks to climate warming | 16.3 | 914 | 34.98 | -97.52 | Grassland | |
Zhao et al. | 2014 | Plant and Soil | Effects of experimental warming and nitrogen fertilization on soil microbial communities and processes of two subalpine coniferous species in Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China | 8.9 | 919.5 | 1820 | 31.68 | 103.88 | Forest |
Zhang et al. | 2014 | PLoS ONE | Responses of soil microbial communities to experimental warming in alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau | -3.8 | 290.9 | 4635 | 34.82 | 92.93 | Grassland |
Zhang et al. | 2011 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Soil microbial community changes and their linkages with ecosystem carbon exchange under asymmetrically diurnal warming | 2.1 | 383 | 1324 | 42.03 | 116.28 | Grassland |
Shen et al. | 2014 | Pedosphere | Soil microbial responses to experimental warming and nitrogen addition in a temperate steppe of Northern China | 2.1 | 383 | 1324 | 42.03 | 116.28 | Grassland |
Zhang et al. | 2013 | Oecologia | Soil microbial responses to warming and increased precipitation and their implications for ecosystem C cycling | 2.1 | 383 | 1324 | 42.03 | 116.28 | Grassland |
Wang et al. | 2014 | Acta Ecologica Sinica | Effects of warming on soil microbial community structure in Changbai Mountain tundra | -7.3 | 1600 | 2028 | Tundra | ||
Gutknecht et al. | 2012 | Global Change Biology | Microbial communities and their responses to simulated global change fluctuate greatly over multiple years | 37.67 | -122.37 | Grassland | |||
Xu et al. | 2015 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Labile, recalcitrant, microbial carbon and nitrogen and the microbial community composition at two Abies faxoniana forest elevations under elevated temperatures | 2.7 | 813 | 3000 | Forest | ||
Maestre et al. | 2015 | Frontiers in Microbiology | Warming reduces the cover and diversity of biocrust-forming mosses and lichens, and increases the physiological stress of soil microbial communities in a semi-arid Pinus halepensis plantation | 14.6 | 315 | 38.54 | -49.00 | Forest | |
Zhang et al. | 2015 | European Journal of Soil Science | Depth-related responses of soil microbial communities to experimental warming in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau | -3.8 | 383 | 4635 | 34.85 | 92.93 | Grassland |
De Long et al. | 2016 | Ecosystems | Contrasting responses of soil microbial and nematode communities to warming and plant functional group removal across a post-fire boreal forest successional gradient | Forest | |||||
Yoshitake et al. | 2015 | Ecological Research | Soil microbial response to experimental warming in cool temperate semi-natural grassland in Japan | 7.1 | 2128 | 36.13 | 137.42 | Grassland | |
Authors | Year | Journal | Title | MAT (℃) | MAP (mm) | Elevation (m) | Latitude | Longitude | Vegetation types |
Kao-Kniffin et al. | 2013 | Microbial Ecology | A microbial link between elevated CO2 and methane emissions that is plant species-specific | Grassland | |||||
Feng et al. | 2010 | Global Change Biology | Altered microbial community structure and organic matter composition under elevated CO2 and N fertilization in the duke forest | 35.97 | -79.08 | Forest | |||
Kasurinen et al. | 2005 | Global Change Biology | Below-ground responses of silver birch trees exposed to elevated CO2 and O3 levels during three growing seasons | 307.33 | 120 | 62.65 | 27.05 | Forest | |
Kanerva et al. | 2008 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Changes in soil microbial community structure under elevated changes in soil microbial community structure under elevated tropospheric O3 and CO2 | 60.82 | 23.47 | Grassland | |||
Ebersberger et al. | 2004 | Plant and Soil | Effects of long term CO2 enrichment on microbial community structure in calcareous grassland | 8.75 | 900 | 520 | 47.55 | 7.57 | Grassland |
Janus et al. | 2005 | Microbial Ecology | Elevated atmospheric CO2 alters soil microbial communities associated with trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) roots | 45.57 | -84.67 | Forest | |||
Hagedorn et al. | 2013 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Nine years of CO2 enrichment at the alpine treeline stimulates soil respiration but does not alter soil microbial communities | 47.47 | 7.50 | Forest | |||
Manninen et al. | 2010 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Plant and soil microbial biomasses in Agrostis capillaris and Lathyrus pratensis monocultures exposed to elevated O3 and CO2 for three growing seasons | 60.82 | 23.47 | Grassland | |||
Chung et al. | 2007 | Global Change Biology | Plant species richness, elevated CO2, and atmospheric nitrogen deposition alter soil microbial community composition and function | Grassland | |||||
Guenet et al. | 2012 | Geoderma | The impact of long-term CO2 enrichment and moisture levels on soil microbial community structure and enzyme activities | Grassland |
Table 1 Basic information for the 28 studies included in the meta-analysis
Authors | Year | Journal | Title | MAT (℃) | MAP (mm) | Elevation (m) | Latitude | Longitude | Vegetation types |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wang et al. | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology | Microbial communities of alpine meadow soil in the Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau subjected to experimental warming and grazing | 1.1 | 752.4 | 3561 | 32.45 | 102.37 | Grassland |
Schindlbacher et al. | 2011 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Experimental warming effects on the microbial community of a temperate mountain forest soil | 5.7 | 1480 | 910 | 47.58 | 11.64 | Forest |
Andresen et al. | 2014 | PLoS ONE | Bacteria and fungi respond differently to multifactorial climate change in a temperate heathland, traced with 13C-glycine and FACE CO2 | 8 | 600 | 55.88 | 11.97 | Tundra | |
Rinnan et al. | 2007 | Global Change Biology | Fifteen years of climate change manipulations alter soil microbial communities in a subarctic heath ecosystem | -0.4 | 245.5 | 450 | 68.35 | 18.82 | Tundra |
Rousk et al. | 2013 | Global Change Biology | Investigating the long-term legacy of drought and warming on the soil microbial community across five European shrubland ecosystems | 56.38 | 10.95 | Shrubland | |||
46.88 | 19.72 | Shrubland | |||||||
40.60 | 8.15 | Shrubland | |||||||
52.40 | 5.92 | Shrubland | |||||||
53.05 | -3.47 | Shrubland | |||||||
Zhou et al. | 2012 | Nature Climate Change | Microbial mediation of carbon-cycle feedbacks to climate warming | 16.3 | 914 | 34.98 | -97.52 | Grassland | |
Zhao et al. | 2014 | Plant and Soil | Effects of experimental warming and nitrogen fertilization on soil microbial communities and processes of two subalpine coniferous species in Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China | 8.9 | 919.5 | 1820 | 31.68 | 103.88 | Forest |
Zhang et al. | 2014 | PLoS ONE | Responses of soil microbial communities to experimental warming in alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau | -3.8 | 290.9 | 4635 | 34.82 | 92.93 | Grassland |
Zhang et al. | 2011 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Soil microbial community changes and their linkages with ecosystem carbon exchange under asymmetrically diurnal warming | 2.1 | 383 | 1324 | 42.03 | 116.28 | Grassland |
Shen et al. | 2014 | Pedosphere | Soil microbial responses to experimental warming and nitrogen addition in a temperate steppe of Northern China | 2.1 | 383 | 1324 | 42.03 | 116.28 | Grassland |
Zhang et al. | 2013 | Oecologia | Soil microbial responses to warming and increased precipitation and their implications for ecosystem C cycling | 2.1 | 383 | 1324 | 42.03 | 116.28 | Grassland |
Wang et al. | 2014 | Acta Ecologica Sinica | Effects of warming on soil microbial community structure in Changbai Mountain tundra | -7.3 | 1600 | 2028 | Tundra | ||
Gutknecht et al. | 2012 | Global Change Biology | Microbial communities and their responses to simulated global change fluctuate greatly over multiple years | 37.67 | -122.37 | Grassland | |||
Xu et al. | 2015 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Labile, recalcitrant, microbial carbon and nitrogen and the microbial community composition at two Abies faxoniana forest elevations under elevated temperatures | 2.7 | 813 | 3000 | Forest | ||
Maestre et al. | 2015 | Frontiers in Microbiology | Warming reduces the cover and diversity of biocrust-forming mosses and lichens, and increases the physiological stress of soil microbial communities in a semi-arid Pinus halepensis plantation | 14.6 | 315 | 38.54 | -49.00 | Forest | |
Zhang et al. | 2015 | European Journal of Soil Science | Depth-related responses of soil microbial communities to experimental warming in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau | -3.8 | 383 | 4635 | 34.85 | 92.93 | Grassland |
De Long et al. | 2016 | Ecosystems | Contrasting responses of soil microbial and nematode communities to warming and plant functional group removal across a post-fire boreal forest successional gradient | Forest | |||||
Yoshitake et al. | 2015 | Ecological Research | Soil microbial response to experimental warming in cool temperate semi-natural grassland in Japan | 7.1 | 2128 | 36.13 | 137.42 | Grassland | |
Authors | Year | Journal | Title | MAT (℃) | MAP (mm) | Elevation (m) | Latitude | Longitude | Vegetation types |
Kao-Kniffin et al. | 2013 | Microbial Ecology | A microbial link between elevated CO2 and methane emissions that is plant species-specific | Grassland | |||||
Feng et al. | 2010 | Global Change Biology | Altered microbial community structure and organic matter composition under elevated CO2 and N fertilization in the duke forest | 35.97 | -79.08 | Forest | |||
Kasurinen et al. | 2005 | Global Change Biology | Below-ground responses of silver birch trees exposed to elevated CO2 and O3 levels during three growing seasons | 307.33 | 120 | 62.65 | 27.05 | Forest | |
Kanerva et al. | 2008 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Changes in soil microbial community structure under elevated changes in soil microbial community structure under elevated tropospheric O3 and CO2 | 60.82 | 23.47 | Grassland | |||
Ebersberger et al. | 2004 | Plant and Soil | Effects of long term CO2 enrichment on microbial community structure in calcareous grassland | 8.75 | 900 | 520 | 47.55 | 7.57 | Grassland |
Janus et al. | 2005 | Microbial Ecology | Elevated atmospheric CO2 alters soil microbial communities associated with trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) roots | 45.57 | -84.67 | Forest | |||
Hagedorn et al. | 2013 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Nine years of CO2 enrichment at the alpine treeline stimulates soil respiration but does not alter soil microbial communities | 47.47 | 7.50 | Forest | |||
Manninen et al. | 2010 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry | Plant and soil microbial biomasses in Agrostis capillaris and Lathyrus pratensis monocultures exposed to elevated O3 and CO2 for three growing seasons | 60.82 | 23.47 | Grassland | |||
Chung et al. | 2007 | Global Change Biology | Plant species richness, elevated CO2, and atmospheric nitrogen deposition alter soil microbial community composition and function | Grassland | |||||
Guenet et al. | 2012 | Geoderma | The impact of long-term CO2 enrichment and moisture levels on soil microbial community structure and enzyme activities | Grassland |
Fig. 1 Warming effects on soil microbial biomassNote: G+: gram-positive bacteria, G-: gram-negative bacteria, F/B ratio: the ratio of soil fungi to bacteria, G+/G- ratio: the ratio of G+ to G-, AMF: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, SF: saprotrophic fungi. The error bars indicate effect sizes and 95% bootstrap confidence intervals. The sample size for each variable is shown next to the bar.
Variables | Slope | p | QM | QE | QT | n |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Warming duration | ||||||
Total PLFA | -0.01 | 0.633 | 0.23 | 29.21 | 29.44 | 28 |
Fungi | 0.01 | 0.568 | 0.33 | 24.81 | 25.13 | 28 |
Bacteria | 0.01 | 0.394 | 0.73 | 29.67 | 30.39 | 29 |
G+ | 0.03 | 0.417 | 0.66 | 20.04 | 20.69 | 20 |
G- | 0.01 | 0.849 | 0.04 | 18.21 | 18.25 | 18 |
F/B ratio | -0.01 | 0.471 | 0.52 | 18.79 | 19.31 | 22 |
Warming magnitude | ||||||
Total PLFA | -0.02 | 0.819 | 0.05 | 27.44 | 27.49 | 24 |
Fungi | 0.05 | 0.517 | 0.42 | 22.01 | 22.43 | 26 |
Bacteria | 0.01 | 0.887 | 0.02 | 27.36 | 27.38 | 26 |
G+ | 0.01 | 0.904 | 0.01 | 22.38 | 22.39 | 21 |
G- | 0.03 | 0.580 | 0.31 | 19.21 | 19.52 | 19 |
F/B ratio | -0.01 | 0.815 | 0.05 | 16.16 | 16.21 | 19 |
Mean annual air temperature | ||||||
Total PLFA | -0.01 | 0.451 | 0.57 | 18.44 | 19.00 | 20 |
Fungi | -0.01 | 0.366 | 0.82 | 14.80 | 15.62 | 20 |
Bacteria | -0.01 | 0.269 | 1.22 | 17.68 | 18.90 | 21 |
G+ | -0.01 | 0.166 | 1.92 | 22.23 | 24.16 | 20 |
G- | -0.02 | 0.014 | 6.09 | 19.75 | 25.84 | 18 |
F/B ratio | -0.0021 | 0.633 | 0.23 | 16.55 | 16.78 | 19 |
Mean annual precipitation | ||||||
Total PLFA | -0.0002 | 0.019 | 5.54 | 24.16 | 29.70 | 19 |
Fungi | -0.0002 | 0.077 | 5.15 | 19.67 | 24.82 | 19 |
Bacteria | -0.0001 | 0.244 | 1.36 | 19.22 | 20.58 | 20 |
G+ | -0.0002 | 0.109 | 2.57 | 19.34 | 21.91 | 20 |
G- | -0.0002 | 0.208 | 1.58 | 18.43 | 20.01 | 18 |
F/B ratio | 0.0000 | 0.597 | 0.28 | 14.33 | 14.61 | 18 |
Elevation | ||||||
Total PLFA | 0.0001 | 0.031 | 4.63 | 16.81 | 21.45 | 17 |
Fungi | 0.00 | 0.366 | 0.82 | 15.94 | 16.76 | 17 |
Bacteria | 0.0001 | 0.018 | 5.63 | 15.45 | 21.09 | 17 |
G+ | 0.0001 | 0.010 | 6.63 | 19.30 | 25.93 | 17 |
G- | 0.0001 | 0.034 | 4.51 | 19.65 | 24.16 | 16 |
Table 2 Relationships between warming effects on soil microbial biomass and relevant variables
Variables | Slope | p | QM | QE | QT | n |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Warming duration | ||||||
Total PLFA | -0.01 | 0.633 | 0.23 | 29.21 | 29.44 | 28 |
Fungi | 0.01 | 0.568 | 0.33 | 24.81 | 25.13 | 28 |
Bacteria | 0.01 | 0.394 | 0.73 | 29.67 | 30.39 | 29 |
G+ | 0.03 | 0.417 | 0.66 | 20.04 | 20.69 | 20 |
G- | 0.01 | 0.849 | 0.04 | 18.21 | 18.25 | 18 |
F/B ratio | -0.01 | 0.471 | 0.52 | 18.79 | 19.31 | 22 |
Warming magnitude | ||||||
Total PLFA | -0.02 | 0.819 | 0.05 | 27.44 | 27.49 | 24 |
Fungi | 0.05 | 0.517 | 0.42 | 22.01 | 22.43 | 26 |
Bacteria | 0.01 | 0.887 | 0.02 | 27.36 | 27.38 | 26 |
G+ | 0.01 | 0.904 | 0.01 | 22.38 | 22.39 | 21 |
G- | 0.03 | 0.580 | 0.31 | 19.21 | 19.52 | 19 |
F/B ratio | -0.01 | 0.815 | 0.05 | 16.16 | 16.21 | 19 |
Mean annual air temperature | ||||||
Total PLFA | -0.01 | 0.451 | 0.57 | 18.44 | 19.00 | 20 |
Fungi | -0.01 | 0.366 | 0.82 | 14.80 | 15.62 | 20 |
Bacteria | -0.01 | 0.269 | 1.22 | 17.68 | 18.90 | 21 |
G+ | -0.01 | 0.166 | 1.92 | 22.23 | 24.16 | 20 |
G- | -0.02 | 0.014 | 6.09 | 19.75 | 25.84 | 18 |
F/B ratio | -0.0021 | 0.633 | 0.23 | 16.55 | 16.78 | 19 |
Mean annual precipitation | ||||||
Total PLFA | -0.0002 | 0.019 | 5.54 | 24.16 | 29.70 | 19 |
Fungi | -0.0002 | 0.077 | 5.15 | 19.67 | 24.82 | 19 |
Bacteria | -0.0001 | 0.244 | 1.36 | 19.22 | 20.58 | 20 |
G+ | -0.0002 | 0.109 | 2.57 | 19.34 | 21.91 | 20 |
G- | -0.0002 | 0.208 | 1.58 | 18.43 | 20.01 | 18 |
F/B ratio | 0.0000 | 0.597 | 0.28 | 14.33 | 14.61 | 18 |
Elevation | ||||||
Total PLFA | 0.0001 | 0.031 | 4.63 | 16.81 | 21.45 | 17 |
Fungi | 0.00 | 0.366 | 0.82 | 15.94 | 16.76 | 17 |
Bacteria | 0.0001 | 0.018 | 5.63 | 15.45 | 21.09 | 17 |
G+ | 0.0001 | 0.010 | 6.63 | 19.30 | 25.93 | 17 |
G- | 0.0001 | 0.034 | 4.51 | 19.65 | 24.16 | 16 |
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[1] | WANG Jiangwei, ZHANG Guangyu, YU Chengqun. A Meta-analysis of the Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Soil Microbial Community [J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2020, 11(3): 298-303. |
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