Physiological Responses of Pistia stratiotes and Its Fluoride Removal Efficiency

doi:10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2020.05.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Phytoremediation technology using aquatic plants is being used increasingly in constructed wetlands to purify wastewater. The physiological responses of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and its effectiveness in removing fluoride (F ^-) from water are described in this article. The results indicate that Pistia stratiotes has the ability to accumulate F ^-. The removal efficiency ranged from 27.79% to 56.32% for the various initial F ^-concentrations tested, and was highest (56.32%) in the highest initial concentration group 60mg/L. The F ^- concentrations in control groups (without Pistia stratiotes) changed very little, from -1.135% to -0.007% of the initial concentrations. At the highest removal rate, the bioconcentration factor was 7.84. The rate of purification conformed to the Michaelis-Menten equation, and the correlation coefficients (R ²) were all greater than 0.97. The Specific Growth Rates (SGR) of the treatment groups were -8.03% to -1.22%, and the SGR of plants under F ^-stress decreased during the experimental period. The partial correlation analysis showed that concentrations of F ^- in water were strongly linearly correlated with peroxidase.

Key words: P. stratiotes, antioxidant enzyme, fluoride, dynamic, POD

ZHANG Yun, CHEN Jinfa. Physiological Responses of Pistia stratiotes and Its Fluoride
Removal Efficiency[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2020, 11(5): 525-530.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 Variation of F- concentrations over time starting from different initial F- concentrations for treatment groups (AI-AV) and control groups without plants (CI-CV). Note: Error bars represent one standard deviation from the mean, n = 3.

Table 1 Kinetic parameters of fluoride removal from treated water

Group	C₀ (mg L^-1)	V_max (mg L^-1h^-1)	K_m (mg L^-1)	R²
AI	5	0.2533	-3.4237	0.9806
AII	10	0.485	-7.1748	0.9808
AIII	20	1.1145	-16.4028	0.9766
AIV	40	2.96	-43.6132	0.9895
AV	60	5.427	-77.0471	0.9898

Table 2 Effect of different concentrations of fluoride on the growth characteristics of P. stratiotes

Treatment groups		AI	AII	AIII	AIV	AV	BI
Fresh weight (g)	Initial	101.4	101.8	101.9	101.5	103.0	102.8
Fresh weight (g)	Ending	92.0	86.9	76.3	65.6	54.2	143.6
SGR (% d^-1)		-1.22	-1.98	-3.62	-5.46	-8.03	4.18

Fig. 2 Effect of initial F- concentration on fluoride concentration in P. stratiotes leaves. Note: Error bars represent one standard deviation from the mean, n = 3 (for treatments with F- concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 mg L-1)

Fig. 3 Effects of different concentrations of F- on the activities of SOD in P. stratiotes (treated with F- concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 mg L-1)

Fig. 4 Effects of different concentrations of F- on the activities of CAT in P. stratiotes (treated with F- concentration of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 mg L-1)

Fig. 5 Effects of different concentrations of F- on the activities of POD in P. stratiotes (treated with F- concentration of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 mg L-1)

Table 3 Significance and PCCs between fluoride and the physiological indexes of the plant

Treatment groups			AI	AII	AIII	AIV	AV
Variable Significance coefficient P			0.0057	0.0097	0.0095	0.0012	0.0167
PCCs	Control SOD&CAT	F^- in water / Fluoride in leaves	0.999	1.000	0.804	0.989	0.999
	Control SOD&POD		0.982	0.967	0.995	0.995	1.000
	Control CAT&POD		1.000	1.000	0.987	0.993	0.997
	Control SOD&CAT	F^- in water / POD	0.900	0.848	0.999	0.781	0.706
	Control SOD&POD	F^- in water / CAT	0.653	0.645	0.990	0.486	0.958
	Control CAT&POD	F^- in water / SOD	0.911	0.804	1.000	0.855	0.672

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