Identification of Key Ecosystem Services That Can Be Delivered by Water or Wind from Zhangjiakou-Chengde Region to Beijing

doi:10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2018.06.006

Abstract

Abstract: Rapid urbanization causing serious air pollution and ecological risks in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in North China has attracted worldwide attention. This study estimates the key ecosystem services of land covers in Zhangjiakou and Chengde, and analyzes their main contributions and the effects of ecosystem service flows to Beijing. Results indicated that the total economic value of key ecosystem services in the Zhangjiakou-Chengde region was CNY 189.5 billion in 2013, and that these services were generated mainly from the forestlands, grasslands, and farmlands of Chengde and the eastern region of Zhangjiakou. However, nearly half of land covers provided low ecosystem service values and thus should be enhanced. In addition, approximately 21% of key ecosystem services were delivered from the Zhangjiakou-Chengde region into Beijing, and the flow feasibilities of ecosystem services delivered by water and wind reached 34% and 12%, respectively. Chicheng, Zhuolu, Chongli, Huailai, Xuanhua and Guyuan counties contributed 61% of the ecosystem services flowing into Beijing, and each service showed high regional relationships with Beijing (flow index ≥ 40%). Thus, these services should be prioritized in terms of ecological compensation funds and policies from Beijing.

Key words: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, key ecosystem service, land cover, supply and flow, Zhangjiakou-Chengde region

LI Qingxu, ZHANG Biao, XIE Gaodi, WANG Shuang. Identification of Key Ecosystem Services That Can Be Delivered by Water or Wind from Zhangjiakou-Chengde Region to Beijing[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2018, 9(6): 632-641.

References

[1] Bagstad K J, Johnson G W, Voigt B et al.Voigt B 2013. Spatial dynamics of ecosystem service flows: a comprehensive approach to quantifying actual services. Ecosystem services, 4: 117-125.
[2] Baró F, Palomo I, Zulian G et al.Zulian G 2016. Mapping ecosystem service capacity, flow and demand for landscape and urban planning: A case study in the Barcelona metropolitan region. Land Use Policy, 57: 405-417.
[3] Butchart S H M, Walpole M, Collen B et al.Collen B 2010. Global biodiversity: indicators of recent declines. Science, 328: 1164-1168.
[4] Budiharta E, Meijaard E, Wells J A, et al.2016. Enhancing feasibility: Incorporating a socio-ecological systems framework into restoration planning. Environmental Science & Policy, 64: 83-92.
[5] Borgström S, Zachrisson A, Eckerberg K.2016. Funding ecological restoration policy in practice-patterns of short-termism and regional biases. Land Use Policy, 52: 439-453.
[6] Chan K, Satterfied T, Goldstein J.2012. Rethinking ecosystem services to better address and navigate cultural values. Ecological Economics, 74: 8-18.
[7] Chu X, Deng X Z, Jin G, et al.2017. Ecological security assessment based on ecological footprint approach in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 101: 43-51.
[8] Costanza R, de Groot R, Sutton P, et al.2014. Changes in the global value of ecosystem services. Global Environment Change, 26: 152-158.
[9] de Groot R S, Alkemade R, Braat L, et al.2010. Challenges in integrating the concept of ecosystem services and values in landscape planning, management and decision making. Ecological Complexity, 7: 260-272.
[10] Ehrlich P R, Kareiva P M, Daily G C.2012. Securing natural capital and expanding equity to rescale civilization. Nature, 486: 68-73.
[11] Gao J X.2015. Regional ecology. Beijing: Science Press,9-25. (in Chinese)
[12] Gao S Y, Zhang C L, Zou X Y et al., 2012. Benefits of Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project. Beijing: Science Press,56-63. (in Chinese)
[13] Gopal B.2016. A conceptual framework for environmental flows assessment based on ecosystem services and their economic valuation. Ecosystem Services, 21: 53-58.
[14] Han B L, Liu H X, Wang R S.2015. Urban ecological security assessment for cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region based on fuzzy and entropy methods. Ecological Modelling, 318:217-225.
[15] Hauck J, Görg C, Variopuro R et al., 2013.Benefits and limitations of the ecosystem services concept in environmental policy and decision making: some stakeholder perspectives. Environmental Science& Policy, 25: 13-123.
[16] Jiang C J, Wang F, Zhang H Yet al.,2016. Quantifying changes in multiple ecosystem services during 2000-2012 on the Loess Plateau, China, as a result of climate variability and ecological restoration. Ecological Engineering, 97: 258-271.
[17] Lang J L, Cheng S Y, Wei W, et al.2012. A study on the trends of vehicular emissions in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China. Atmospheric Environment, 62: 605-614.
[18] Li D L, Wu S Y, Liu L B, et al.2017. Evaluating regional water security through a freshwater ecosystem service flow model: A case study in Beijing-Tian-Hebei region, China. Ecological Indicators, 81: 159-170.
[19] Li W.2005. Preliminary discussion on long-term protection and compensation of water resources between Beijing and Zhangjiakou. Hebei Water Conservancy, 8: 43-44. (in Chinese)
[20] Liu M C, Sun X P, Lin H F, et al.2015. Establishment of eco-compensation fund based on the consumption of ecosystem services for Beijing-Chengde. Resources Science, 37(8): 1536-1542. (in Chinese)
[21] Ma H, Lv Y, Li H X.2013. Complexity of ecological restoration in China. Ecological Engineering, 52: 75-78.
[22] Nunes A, Oliveira G, Mexia T, et al.2016. Ecological restoration across the Mediterranean Basin as viewed by practitioners. Science of the Total Environment, 566-567: 722-732.
[23] Mitchell M G E, Bennett E M, Gonzalez A.2013. Linking landscape connectivity and ecosystem service provision: current knowledge and research gaps. Ecosystems, 16: 894-908.
[24] Mitchell M G E, Suarez-Castro A F, Martinez-Harms M.2015. Reframing landscape fragmentation's effects on ecosystem services. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 30(4): 190-198.
[25] Owuor M A, Icely J, Newton A.2017. Mapping of ecosystem services flow in Mida Creek, Kenya. Ocean & Coastal Management, 140: 11-21.
[26] Peng J, Chen X, Liu Y X, et al.2016. Spatial identification of multifunctional landscapes and associated influencing factors in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China. Applied Geography, 74: 170-181.
[27] Raudsepp-Hearne C, Peterson G, Tengö M, et al.2010. Untangling the environmentalist's paradox: why is human well-being increasing as ecosystem degraded? Bioscience, 60: 576-589.
[28] Ren Y J, Lv Y H, Fu B J.2016. Quantifying the impacts of grassland restoration on biodiversity and ecosystem services in China: A meta-analysis. Ecological Engineering, 95: 542-550.
[29] Shi Y, Wang R S, Huang J L, et al.2012. An analysis of the spatial and temporal changes in Chinese terrestrial ecosystem service functions. Chinese Science Bulletin, 57(9): 720-731.
[30] Sun D, Fang J, Sun J Q.2016. Health-related benefits of air quality improvement from coal control in China: Evidence from the Jing-Jin-Ji region. Resources, Conservation and Recyling, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. resconrec.2016.09.021.
[31] Tallis H, Mooney H, Andelman S, et al.2012. A global system for monitoring ecosystem service change. Bioscience, 62: 977-986.
[32] TEEB Foundations, 2010. The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity: Ecological and economic foundations. Earthscan, London and Washington.
[33] Tolessa T, Senbeta F, Kidane M.2017. The impact of land use/land cover change on ecosystem services in the central highlands of Ethiopia. Ecosystem services, 23: 47-54.
[34] Villamagna A M, Angermeier P L, Bennett E M.2013. Capacity, pressure, demand, and flow: a conceptual framework for analyzing ecosystem service provision and delivery. Ecological Complexity, 15: 114-121.
[35] van Oudenhoven A, Petz K, Alkemade R, et al.2012. Framework for systematic indicator selection to assess effects of land management on ecosystem services. Ecological Indicators, 21: 110-112.
[36] Vigl L E, Depellegrin D, Pereira P, et al.2017. Mapping the ecosystem service delivery chain: Capacity, flow, and demand pertaining to aesthetic experiences in mountain landscapes. Science of the Total Environmnt, 574: 422-436.
[37] Wang W, Wang L P, Gao W M, et al.2001. Perspectives on sustainable development in the Capital Ecosphere. Shijiazhuang: Hebei People’s Publishing House. (in Chinese)
[38] Wang B J, Fu H, Song C E.2007. Summary of the research on Jiang-Zhang connection in regional integration of Chinese Capital Circle. Journal of Hebei Normal University, 31(1): 120-124. (in Chinese)
[39] Wang S G, Chen B.2016. Energy-water nexus of urban agglomeration based on multiregional input-output tables and ecological network analysis: A case study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Applied Energy, 178: 773-783.
[40] Wang Z H, Yang L.2015. Delinking indicators on regional industry development and carbon emissions: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei economic band case. Ecological Indicators, 48: 41-48.
[41] Zhang B, Xu J, Wang S, et al.2015. Regional differences in land cover and ecosystem services in the Capital Eco-sphere. Resources Science, 37(8): 1513-1519. (in Chinese)
[42] Zhang B, Shi Y T, Liu J H, et al.2017. Economic values and dominant providers of key ecosystem services of wetlands in Beijing, China. Ecological Indicators, 77: 48-58.
[43] Zhang Y, Liu M C, Bai Y Y, et al.2015. Application of ecological conservation cooperation for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional integration. Resources Science, 37(8): 1529-1535. (in Chinese)
[44] Zhang Y W, Zhang S.2011. Study on the compensation of water resource protection in Chengde. Ecological Economics, 1: 51-58.
[45] Zhang Y, Zheng H M, Yang Z F, et al.2016. Urban energy flow processes in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Jing-Jin-Ji) urban agglomeration: combining multi-regional input-output tables with ecological network analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114: 243-256.
[46] Zhang Z Z, Wang W X, Cheng M M, et al.2017b. The contribution of residential coal combustion to PM_2.5 pollution over China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in winter. Atmospheric Environment, 159: 147-161.
[47] Zhao M Y, Cui L Q, Zhao Y F, et al.2015. Analysis on the soil erosion of Zhangjiakou-Chengde region in Hebei province. Soil and Water Conservation in China, 8: 66-68. (in Chinese)
[48] Zhou Y L, Zhao H J, Li C J.2015. Charateristics analysis of wind in Zhangjiakou. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 31(17): 222-227. (in Chinese)