Journal of Resources and Ecology ›› 2019, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (3): 335-344.DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764X.2019.03.012
• Ecotourism in China • Previous Articles
XIANG Cheng1,2(), TANG Zhongxia2,3,*(
), LIU Menglin1,2, SHAO Li1,2
Received:
2018-04-19
Accepted:
2018-12-18
Online:
2019-05-30
Published:
2019-05-30
Contact:
TANG Zhongxia
About author:
*First author: XIANG Cheng, E-mail:
Supported by:
XIANG Cheng,TANG Zhongxia,LIU Menglin,SHAO Li. Analysis of Multiple Tourist Agents’ Symbiotic Relationship on the View of Tourist Enterprises Based on a Grey Correlation Model: A Case Study of Qinghai Lake, China[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2019, 10(3): 335-344.
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URL: http://www.jorae.cn/EN/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764X.2019.03.012
Core agent | Units of symbiotic agents | Symbiotic factors |
---|---|---|
Tourist enterprises (E) | Tourist enterprises- governments (E-G) | Justice and equity (E-G1) |
Coordination and communication (E-G2) | ||
Guidance and support (E-G3) | ||
Mutually-beneficial cooperation (E-G4) | ||
Supervision and administration (E-G5) | ||
Tourist enterprises- residents (E-R) | Participation in operation (E-R1) | |
Cooperation and collaboration (E-R2) | ||
Trust and communication (E-R3) | ||
Harmony and progress (E-R4) | ||
Tourist enterprises- tourists (E-T) | Services recognition (E-T1) | |
Participation in tourism (E-T2) | ||
Ease of management (E-T3) | ||
Polite manner (E-T4) | ||
Living in harmony (E-T5) | ||
Tourist enterprises- tourist enterprises (E-E) | Fair competition (E-E1) | |
Mutually-beneficial cooperation (E-E2) | ||
Close contact (E-E3) | ||
Reaching a consensus (E-E4) | ||
Harmonious and friendly (E-E5) |
Table 1 The symbiotic indicator system for agents in the Qinghai Lake area
Core agent | Units of symbiotic agents | Symbiotic factors |
---|---|---|
Tourist enterprises (E) | Tourist enterprises- governments (E-G) | Justice and equity (E-G1) |
Coordination and communication (E-G2) | ||
Guidance and support (E-G3) | ||
Mutually-beneficial cooperation (E-G4) | ||
Supervision and administration (E-G5) | ||
Tourist enterprises- residents (E-R) | Participation in operation (E-R1) | |
Cooperation and collaboration (E-R2) | ||
Trust and communication (E-R3) | ||
Harmony and progress (E-R4) | ||
Tourist enterprises- tourists (E-T) | Services recognition (E-T1) | |
Participation in tourism (E-T2) | ||
Ease of management (E-T3) | ||
Polite manner (E-T4) | ||
Living in harmony (E-T5) | ||
Tourist enterprises- tourist enterprises (E-E) | Fair competition (E-E1) | |
Mutually-beneficial cooperation (E-E2) | ||
Close contact (E-E3) | ||
Reaching a consensus (E-E4) | ||
Harmonious and friendly (E-E5) |
E-G | E-R | E-T | E-E | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WE-G=0.3154 Symbiotic factors weight | WE-R=0.2164 Symbiotic factors weight | WE-T=0.2193 Symbiotic factors weight | WE-E=0.2489 Symbiotic factors weight | ||||
E-G1 | 0.2213 | E-R1 | 0.2671 | E-T1 | 0.2077 | E-E1 | 0.2525 |
E-G2 | 0.2264 | E-R2 | 0.2567 | E-T2 | 0.1825 | E-E2 | 0.1535 |
E-G3 | 0.1665 | E-R3 | 0.2347 | E-T3 | 0.2121 | E-E3 | 0.2219 |
E-G4 | 0.1677 | E-R4 | 0.2415 | E-T4 | 0.2521 | E-E4 | 0.2220 |
E-G5 | 0.2181 | E-T5 | 0.1456 | E-E5 | 0.1801 |
Table 2 Weight of symbiotic indicator system of multiple tourist agents in Qinghai Lake
E-G | E-R | E-T | E-E | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WE-G=0.3154 Symbiotic factors weight | WE-R=0.2164 Symbiotic factors weight | WE-T=0.2193 Symbiotic factors weight | WE-E=0.2489 Symbiotic factors weight | ||||
E-G1 | 0.2213 | E-R1 | 0.2671 | E-T1 | 0.2077 | E-E1 | 0.2525 |
E-G2 | 0.2264 | E-R2 | 0.2567 | E-T2 | 0.1825 | E-E2 | 0.1535 |
E-G3 | 0.1665 | E-R3 | 0.2347 | E-T3 | 0.2121 | E-E3 | 0.2219 |
E-G4 | 0.1677 | E-R4 | 0.2415 | E-T4 | 0.2521 | E-E4 | 0.2220 |
E-G5 | 0.2181 | E-T5 | 0.1456 | E-E5 | 0.1801 |
E-G | E-R | E-T | E-E | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symbiotic factors θ | Symbiotic factors θ | Symbiotic factors θ | Symbiotic factorsθ | ||||
E-G1 | 0.5584 | E-R1 | 0.6071 | E-T1 | 0.5541 | E-E1 | 0.5690 |
E-G2 | 0.5551 | E-R2 | 0.5716 | E-T2 | 0.6018 | E-E2 | 0.5775 |
E-G3 | 0.6214 | E-R3 | 0.5688 | E-T3 | 0.5829 | E-E3 | 0.5770 |
E-G4 | 0.5927 | E-R4 | 0.5840 | E-T4 | 0.5999 | E-E4 | 0.6020 |
E-G5 | 0.5753 | E-T5 | 0.6217 | E-E5 | 0.6413 |
Table 3 Correlation coefficient of symbiotic indicators’ factors of Qinghai Lake multiple agents
E-G | E-R | E-T | E-E | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symbiotic factors θ | Symbiotic factors θ | Symbiotic factors θ | Symbiotic factorsθ | ||||
E-G1 | 0.5584 | E-R1 | 0.6071 | E-T1 | 0.5541 | E-E1 | 0.5690 |
E-G2 | 0.5551 | E-R2 | 0.5716 | E-T2 | 0.6018 | E-E2 | 0.5775 |
E-G3 | 0.6214 | E-R3 | 0.5688 | E-T3 | 0.5829 | E-E3 | 0.5770 |
E-G4 | 0.5927 | E-R4 | 0.5840 | E-T4 | 0.5999 | E-E4 | 0.6020 |
E-G5 | 0.5753 | E-T5 | 0.6217 | E-E5 | 0.6413 |
Units of symbiotic agents | E-G | E-R | E-T | E-E |
---|---|---|---|---|
δ | 0.5777 | 0.5834 | 0.5902 | 0.5913 |
Table 4 Symbiotic correlation degrees of the unit of symbiotic agents “E→G-R-T-E” of Qinghai Lake
Units of symbiotic agents | E-G | E-R | E-T | E-E |
---|---|---|---|---|
δ | 0.5777 | 0.5834 | 0.5902 | 0.5913 |
Fig. 3 The symbiotic behavior routes of correlative agents “E→G-R-T-E” in the Qinghai Lake areaNote: In Fig. 3, a1 indicates the earnings of justice and equity for the creditworthiness of the tourist enterprises that cannot be accomplished by governments; b1 indicates the earnings of justice and equity of creditworthiness that cannot be obtained completely by tourist enterprises; W1 indicates the actual symbiotic routes of the governments and tourist enterprises of “E-G1”; a5 indicates earnings that cannot be obtained by the governments when enforcing “E-G1-5”, b5 indicates the earnings that can be obtained by tourist enterprises through “E-G1-5”, W5 indicates the combination of symbiotic behavior routes in Nash equilibrium of the governments and tourist enterprises on “E-G1-5”; the meaning of the corresponding indicators of other correlative agents is acquired in a similar way.
E-G | E-R | E-T | E-E | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Benefits of correlative agents “E→G-R-T-E” | G=a5˃a4˃a3˃a2˃a1 | R=a10˃a9˃a8˃a7˃a6 | T=a16˃a15˃a14˃a13˃a12˃a11 | E=a22˃a21˃a20˃a19˃a18˃a17 |
Benefits of Tourist Enterprises (E) | E=b5˃b4˃b3˃b2˃b1 | E=b10˃b9˃b8˃b7˃b6 | E=b16˃b15˃b14˃b13˃b12˃b11 | E=b22˃b21˃b20˃b19˃b18˃b17 |
Symbiotic routes combination | WE-G=W5˃W4˃W3˃W2˃W1 | WE-R=W10˃W9˃W8˃W7˃W6 | WE-T=W16˃W15˃W14˃ W13˃W12˃W11 | WE-E=W22˃W21˃W20˃ W19˃W18˃W17 |
Symbiotic routes combination of multiple-agents “E→G-R-T-E” in Nash equilibrium | WE→G-R-T-E=W5+W10+W16+W22 |
Table 5 Construction of the symbiotic behavior routes of correlative agents “E→G-R-T-E” in the Qinghai Lake area
E-G | E-R | E-T | E-E | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Benefits of correlative agents “E→G-R-T-E” | G=a5˃a4˃a3˃a2˃a1 | R=a10˃a9˃a8˃a7˃a6 | T=a16˃a15˃a14˃a13˃a12˃a11 | E=a22˃a21˃a20˃a19˃a18˃a17 |
Benefits of Tourist Enterprises (E) | E=b5˃b4˃b3˃b2˃b1 | E=b10˃b9˃b8˃b7˃b6 | E=b16˃b15˃b14˃b13˃b12˃b11 | E=b22˃b21˃b20˃b19˃b18˃b17 |
Symbiotic routes combination | WE-G=W5˃W4˃W3˃W2˃W1 | WE-R=W10˃W9˃W8˃W7˃W6 | WE-T=W16˃W15˃W14˃ W13˃W12˃W11 | WE-E=W22˃W21˃W20˃ W19˃W18˃W17 |
Symbiotic routes combination of multiple-agents “E→G-R-T-E” in Nash equilibrium | WE→G-R-T-E=W5+W10+W16+W22 |
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