资源与生态学报

资源与生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (1): 1-7.DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2012.01.001

• 论文 •    下一篇

传统农区生态修复中的经济补偿探讨——以日本佐渡岛为例

王岱1, 蔺雪芹2, 余建辉1, 司月芳3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
    2. 首都师范大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 德国吉森大学, 德国, 吉森
  • 收稿日期:2011-11-23 修回日期:2011-12-15 出版日期:2012-03-30 发布日期:2012-03-30
  • 通讯作者: SI Yuefang. Email: yuefang.si@geogr.uni-giessen.de

Adjustment of Payments for Ecological Benefits in Traditional Agricultural Areas: Case Study on SADO Island, Japan

WANG Dai1, LIN Xueqin YU Jianhui2, SI Yuefang1   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Capital Normal University, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Department of Geography Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
  • Received:2011-11-23 Revised:2011-12-15 Online:2012-03-30 Published:2012-03-30
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China (41101120), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41101150).

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摘要： 当前,生态修复和生态补偿的相关理论在发达国家较为盛行,也有许多值得借鉴的模式。本文以日本为研究对象,重点研究了在推行生态修复和生态补偿过程中的经验教训。基于长时间在日本佐渡岛上的实地调研和深度访谈,从微观的视角分析在各级政府积极推进朱鹮生息环境修复的背景下,以农户为主体的区域居民的意识和行为,揭示了区域环境整治和农户农业经营之间的矛盾。通过深入比较传统农业经营和环境友好型农业经营在经济效益上的差异,阐明了农户反对朱鹮野化放飞和生态修复的必然性。从而提出为了尽快扭转发展中国家区域间、群体间生态效益及相关经济效益分配不公平的局面,利用经济、社会政策以及法律手段,寻求切合区域实际、各具特色的生态补偿方式的重要性。

关键词: 生态修复, 人地矛盾, 生态补偿机制, 朱鹮野化放飞, 日本

Abstract: To date, theories of eco-compensation and biological restoration have been popular, and some models in developed countries are treated as good examples. Here, we not only focus on Japan, but also pay more attention to challenges during this process. Based on a long-term field study on Sado Island, a less developed region in Japan, we attempt to describe how the government carries out environmental remediation towards the reintroduction of ibis (Species name) into the wild, and the conflict between ibis habitat restoration and farm management. We discuss the underlying reasons for this conflict and the negative effect on regional development. We follow policy improvements of the local government and related supplementary help carried out to fix the mismatch between the payment for ecological benefits and that lost by farmers in the pre-period. We conclude that the coordination of interest among different social groups is the key for success in ecological restoration and compensatory measures have to be made to meet the actual needs of the local groups. This case study in Japan can be applied to similar regions with poor environments and urgent environment restoration needs in China.

Key words: biological restoration, conflict between humans and nature, payment for ecological benefit (PEB), reintroduction of ibis, Japan