资源与生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (1): 51-60.DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2022.01.006
收稿日期:
2021-07-31
接受日期:
2021-10-15
出版日期:
2022-01-30
发布日期:
2022-01-08
通讯作者:
闵庆文
MIN Qingwen1,2,*(), YANG Xiao1,2, DING Lubin1,2
Received:
2021-07-31
Accepted:
2021-10-15
Online:
2022-01-30
Published:
2022-01-08
Contact:
MIN Qingwen
Supported by:
摘要:
包括联合国粮农组织(FAO)认定的全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)和一些国家农业部认定的国家重要农业文化遗产(NIAHS)在内的农业文化遗产是一种新的遗产类型,通常具有丰富的生物多样性、多元的传统知识、独特的资源利用技术、杰出的文化景观,是一个典型的社会-生态系统。文化关键种作为塑造了一个地区的社会文化特征的重要物种,可以作为研究社会-生态系统保护与恢复力提升的一种独特视角和方法。本文通过系统梳理文化关键种概念的起源与内涵,分析了它们与生物文化多样性和社会-生态系统保护之间的关系,并结合农业文化遗产的基本特征和保护需求,尝试对农业文化遗产地文化关键种给出了定义,即“在农业文化遗产系统内,由生物资源和文化实践紧密结合,对当地社会文化的稳定性产生重要影响且能够促进农业文化遗产保护目标实现的生物文化复合体”。在此基础上,进一步分析了识别农业文化遗产文化关键种对农业文化遗产保护的主要意义:一是通过文化关键种的识别与保护有助于遗产地关键要素的识别和保护;二是利用文化关键种社区认同度高的优势可以调动社区参与遗产保护的积极性;三是以文化关键种的识别与保护为切入点,有助于更好地实现全球或国家重要农业文化遗产保护目标,即保障食物与生计安全、保护生物多样性、促进传统知识与技术体系传承以及维持景观特征等。
闵庆文, 杨晓, 丁陆彬. 农业文化遗产地文化关键种的概念、内涵和意义[J]. 资源与生态学报, 2022, 13(1): 51-60.
MIN Qingwen, YANG Xiao, DING Lubin. The Concept, Connotation and Significance of Cultural Keystone Species in Agricultural Heritage Systems[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2022, 13(1): 51-60.
First classification | Second classification | Examples of representative cultures of AHS |
---|---|---|
Production cultural practice units | · Agricultural production technology | Rice-fish-duck three-dimensional breeding technology; Water resources management technology, such as water diversion woodcut and water diversion stone carving |
· Agricultural calendar | Twenty-four Solar Terms; Kaiyangmen, Saguzhong | |
· Handicraft culture | Sculpture craft; Ceramic craft; Ware making | |
Life cultural practice units | · Food culture | Long Street Banquet; New Eating Festival; Duck Catch Festival; Frozen Fish Festival |
· Medicine culture | Application of traditional Chinese medicinal materials | |
·Dress culture | Tie dyeing; Silk reeling; Textiles; Embroidery | |
· Architectural culture | Mushroom House; Dry Bar House structure | |
· Traffic culture | Use of animal drawn vehicles | |
Spiritual cultural practice units | · Festival customs | Sacrifice to Heaven, Stars and Fire; Fish Lantern Dance; Shiyuejie |
· Religious beliefs | Multi-god worship; Ancestor worship | |
· Tradition values | The values of harmony between man and nature and respect for nature |
Table 1 Division of cultural practice units in AHS
First classification | Second classification | Examples of representative cultures of AHS |
---|---|---|
Production cultural practice units | · Agricultural production technology | Rice-fish-duck three-dimensional breeding technology; Water resources management technology, such as water diversion woodcut and water diversion stone carving |
· Agricultural calendar | Twenty-four Solar Terms; Kaiyangmen, Saguzhong | |
· Handicraft culture | Sculpture craft; Ceramic craft; Ware making | |
Life cultural practice units | · Food culture | Long Street Banquet; New Eating Festival; Duck Catch Festival; Frozen Fish Festival |
· Medicine culture | Application of traditional Chinese medicinal materials | |
·Dress culture | Tie dyeing; Silk reeling; Textiles; Embroidery | |
· Architectural culture | Mushroom House; Dry Bar House structure | |
· Traffic culture | Use of animal drawn vehicles | |
Spiritual cultural practice units | · Festival customs | Sacrifice to Heaven, Stars and Fire; Fish Lantern Dance; Shiyuejie |
· Religious beliefs | Multi-god worship; Ancestor worship | |
· Tradition values | The values of harmony between man and nature and respect for nature |
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